basic-programming-learning-phase-1

Module 06 — Shapes

Concepts

Geometry terms

• Vertex (plural vertices) — a corner point where two edges meet
• Edge / side — a straight line segment connecting two vertices
• Angle — the turn between two edges at a vertex, measured in degrees
• Polygon — a closed 2D shape made of straight edges only
• Regular polygon — all edges equal length and all angles equal
• Irregular polygon — edges and/or angles differ
• Closed shape — the outline returns to its starting vertex
• Diagonal — a line between non-adjacent vertices

Drawing with turtle

• forward(n) / backward(n) — move along the current edge
• left(deg) / right(deg) — turn at a vertex (exterior angle)
• For a regular n-gon: edge length s, turn 360 / n degrees each vertex
• done() — keep the window open

Practice prompts

1. Draw a square (4 edges, 90° turns, 4 right angles).
2. Draw an equilateral triangle (3 equal edges, 60° turns → exterior 120°).
3. Draw a regular hexagon (6 edges, 60° turns).
4. Draw any irregular quadrilateral — comment which edges differ.
5. For each shape, comment: number of vertices, number of edges, sum of interior angles ((n - 2) * 180).

Complete the TODOs in starters.py.